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What Is Physical Activity Level?
Physical activity level is a number in a formula that nutritionists, fitness professionals, and doctors use to determine how many calories per day a person burns, and therefore how many calories he or she should be eating. Scientists have used estimates of the energy expended doing various activities and sorted them into categories based on intensity and frequency, ranging from extremely inactive to extremely active. Due to the fact that all three of the components of the formula are based on estimates, there is some room for error. For most people, however, it is a fairly effective way to determine the amount of energy expended every day.
How much energy a person expends in a 24-hour period that is accounted for by physical activities, such as cleaning, working, and exercising, is a person's estimated physical activity level. This can then be turned into a multiplier, which is multiplied by the basal metabolic rate (BMR) to determine an estimate of a person's total energy expenditure (TEE) for a single day. If the basal metabolic rate and total energy expenditure are already known, you can find the physical activity level multiplier by dividing the total energy expenditure by the basal metabolic rate.
Basal metabolic rate is the amount of calories the body burns completely at rest, with no digestion, movement, or any other factors involved. These calories are used to supply all of the body's organ systems with enough energy to function and keep the body alive. If you already know your total energy expenditure, you can divide it by your physical activity level to determine your basal metabolic rate.
A person's physical activity level could be one of five or six categories, depending on the source used, each with its own multiplier assigned to it that estimates the amount of calories burned performing the tasks associated with it. A completely inactive person, such as someone who is bedridden, has a multiplier of 1.2. At the opposite end of the spectrum, an extremely active person, such as someone who has both a physically demanding job and participates in physically intense hobbies and sports, can have a multiplier of 2.0 or even 2.4.
The total energy expenditure, the result you get from multiplying basal metabolic rate by physical activity level, can help you gain, lose, or maintain weight. If, for example, your total energy expenditure is estimated to be 2,000 calories, you could make sure to eat an extra 500 calories, for a total of 2,500 per day, if your goal was to put on weight. Likewise, you could subtract 500 calories and eat 1,500 if your goal was to lose weight.
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![An inactive person, such as someone who's bedridden, will a multiplier of 1.2.]()
By: franciscoAn inactive person, such as someone who's bedridden, will a multiplier of 1.2. -
![The energy a person expends during physical activities over a 24-hour period is their physical activity level.]()
By: MaridavThe energy a person expends during physical activities over a 24-hour period is their physical activity level. -
![A person's physical activity level will effect whether or not he or she gains or loses weight.]()
By: jedi-masterA person's physical activity level will effect whether or not he or she gains or loses weight. -
![Needed nutritional levels decrease as a person ages and their physical activity level lessens.]()
By: Hunor KristoNeeded nutritional levels decrease as a person ages and their physical activity level lessens. -
![A person should always consult with a doctor prior to engaging in activities that are beyond their normal physical activity level.]()
By: asierromeroA person should always consult with a doctor prior to engaging in activities that are beyond their normal physical activity level.
Discussion Comments
I don't know how some people maintain the high level of physical activity that they do. I have a co-worker who goes to the gym for 90 minutes, morning and evening. I don't have that kind of stamina! I usually go for 45 minutes to an hour after work. I walk and lift weights. I do a healthy level of exercise, and it wears me out. When I get home, I'm ready for the sofa.
I know physical activity is healthy and it makes a positive difference in our lives, but I still hate to exercise. I'd much rather curl up on the sofa with a good book. That's my idea of a great afternoon.
You know, I'm not sure how much good these formulas do. I don't know that they provide anything but a very, very basic baseline starting point.
People are so individualized in the way they respond to physical activity, different foods, stress, etc., that it's nearly impossible to get a real sense of what's happening with someone's body.
Case in point: When I was taking Japanese jujitsu classes, I was really sweating for about an hour, three days a week. I also walked. In spite of all that, however, I started gaining weight. And it wasn't muscle, either. I was eating a healthy diet. My doctor was stumped. Turns out, it was my thyroid, and I later had to have surgery, but it just goes to show you that these formulas are not necessarily reliable.
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