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What is Fiber-Optic Lighting?

Adam Hill
Adam Hill

Fiber-optic lighting refers to the use of optical fiber, and its ability to transmit light, as a source of light for decorative or practical applications. When optical fibers are used for illumination, they are sometimes wrapped in bundles, thereby giving them the ability to transmit images as well. Fiber-optic lighting utilizes the principle of total internal reflection, transmitting light throughout the length of an optical fiber with negligible dimming or loss of energy.

Optical fiber itself consists of several inner layers, including the core, which transmits the light waves, and the cladding around it. The cladding is made of a material which has a lower refractive index than the core. This means that for light to pass from the core out through the cladding, it would have to slow down. Instead, the light waves take what might be called the path of least resistance by reflecting only in the core through the length of the fiber, to then be visible at the other end. This means that optical fiber can be bent around corners or in a spiral shape and still only emit light at the end of the fiber.

Fiber-optic Christmas trees may be displayed in people's homes during the Christmas holiday.
Fiber-optic Christmas trees may be displayed in people's homes during the Christmas holiday.

Fiber-optic lighting has a wide variety of uses, from art to medicine. In a health care context, optical cables can be used to guide light onto an area where there is not a clear line of sight, such as in certain surgeries where it is desirable to make as small an incision as possible. This use of fiber-optic lighting has led to decreased recovery times and fewer complications after several different types of operations. It has also been increasingly used as an architectural tool, to transmit sunlight into the interior of a building, with the goal of reducing energy costs.

A construction material known as LiTraCon® was developed in 2001, in part by Hungarian Architect Aron Losonczi. LiTraCon® stands for “light transmitting concrete,” and is made in such a way as to be translucent. Four percent of the weight of this type of concrete is made up of optical fibers which allow light to pass through it, to a limited extent.

Fiber-optic lighting is widely used in decoration, such as in artificial Christmas trees which incorporate lit-up optical fibers. There are even ways to incorporate fiber-optic lighting into works of art. Simple, yet striking chandeliers for homes and businesses can also be made with optical fiber.

Discussion Comments

submariner

@Fiorite- you definitely can use solar fiber optic lighting to light your home or office. I have classes in a LEED building that uses a solar fiber optic lighting system. The system is a hybrid system and mixes in other light when the sun is not shining very brightly.

The system works by concentrating sunshine and stripping out the UV and Infrared rays. The light is then reflected into a fiber optic bundle that is run through the ceiling. This bundle then supplies natural, full spectrum daylight to the building.

I have to say that the lighting is much better than the fluorescent lighting in other buildings on campus. When we open the windows, it feels like we are sitting in a naturally lit breezeway outdoors. I would almost go so far as to say it helps me perform better in class since my best grade this semester was in the class in that building.

Fiorite

Is it possible to use solar powered fiber optic lighting to light a home or office? I have heard something about this, but I just wanted to know if it is true or science fiction. I would appreciate any information that people could give me.

Amphibious54

I went to the Phoenix Museum of Art and saw the coolest display of fiber optic lighting I have ever seen. The exhibit is situated in a room made of black mirrors with no lights besides the fiber optics hanging in the room. Even the floors and ceiling were made from black mirrored tiles.

As soon as you walk in the room, your eyes begin to adjust to the strands of multicolored lights hanging at different lengths. The lights change colors making the experience somewhat psychedelic. After a couple of minutes in the art exhibit, you begin to lose some of your sense and feel like you are lost in deep space. I recommend this exhibit for anyone looking for something to do in Phoenix.

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    • Fiber-optic Christmas trees may be displayed in people's homes during the Christmas holiday.
      Fiber-optic Christmas trees may be displayed in people's homes during the Christmas holiday.