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What is REM Behavior Disorder?
REM behavior disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder, or parasomnia, that occurs during REM sleep. A person with RBD will act out his or her dreams, often in a violent physical manner, and this can include loud shouting or grunting. There is no known cause for REM behavior disorder, which was first described in 1986.
Sleep has two main phases, which are NREM sleep and REM sleep. NREM sleep, or non-rapid eye movement sleep, has four stages and each stage has its own unique characteristics. REM sleep involves several physiological changes including increased brain activity, eye movement, accelerated respiration and muscle relaxation. This muscle relaxation includes paralysis of major voluntary muscles while the increased brain activity causes dreams.
In people who suffer from REM behavior disorder, dreams are present during REM sleep but the muscle paralysis is not. This allows them to act out their dreams intensely and sometimes violently. During REM sleep, the behaviors of a person with RBD can include talking, punching, sitting up, grabbing, jumping out of bed, sleepwalking and sleep terrors. The body can also tense up very rigidly for seconds or even minutes. These activities usually, but not always, are confined to the bed and its surrounding area, and sometimes the person’s sleeping partner can be injured as a result.
The person with RBD will usually remember little, if anything at all, of these activities unless they happen to injure themselves and wake up. They can, however, usually vividly recall the dreams that they were having during the episode. These dreams usually involve physical or violent activities such as fighting, being attacked or running.
REM behavior disorder has been found to be most prevalent among males between the ages of 15 and 100. Only a tenth of those who suffer from RBD are female. The cause of REM sleep behavior disorder is unknown, but the onset is often associated with several degenerative neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease and multi-system atrophy. Sometimes a more acute form of REM behavior disorder can also result from alcohol or drug withdrawal. The treatments for REM behavior disorder include sleep monitoring, drug therapy, and ruling out possible other causes.
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![REM behavior disorder may cause people to act out their dreams.]()
By: yalayamaREM behavior disorder may cause people to act out their dreams. -
![A person may be unaware that she has REM sleep behavior disorder until being informed by housemates.]()
By: jolopesA person may be unaware that she has REM sleep behavior disorder until being informed by housemates. -
![REM behavior disorder can prevent restful sleep for both the sufferer and their partner, and may require medication for treatment.]()
By: Photographee.euREM behavior disorder can prevent restful sleep for both the sufferer and their partner, and may require medication for treatment. -
![REM behavior disorder can prevent people from getting a full night's rest.]()
By: MaxRiesgoREM behavior disorder can prevent people from getting a full night's rest. -
![During REM sleep, the behaviors of a person with RBD can including sleepwalking.]()
By: Helder AlmeidaDuring REM sleep, the behaviors of a person with RBD can including sleepwalking. -
![There is increased brain activity during REM sleep.]()
By: NaeblysThere is increased brain activity during REM sleep. -
![Sometimes a more acute form of REM behavior disorder can result from alcohol withdrawal.]()
By: Jörn SteinerSometimes a more acute form of REM behavior disorder can result from alcohol withdrawal.
Discussion Comments
Well, I am 28 weeks pregnant and I think my husband has REM sleep disorder. Last night I woke up with him choking me still sleeping. I couldn't wake him up. It only lasted a short amount of time, but he continued yelling and talking in his sleep. He doesn't remember doing it, but vividly remembers the dream.
It's not the first time something like this has happened. He is always talking in his sleep while dreaming, and has had physical outbursts while sleeping before, but noting that bad towards me. It seriously scares me. I need help. Any ideas?
I have had RBD for about 15 years. For the past year taking .75 mg. Lunesta I have had no occurrences of RBD. Before Lunesta I was averaging about two per week.
If a doctor is not taking the claims of REM behavior disorder seriously, one needs to be sought out immediately who does take them seriously. The effects of this disorder can be very dangerous for both the patient and his or her family if left untreated.
My husband has REM behavior disorder; he began very early symptoms 20 years ago. 2 years ago he was having severe RLS and began very violent REM sleep dream acting out. It occurred once every couple weeks, but rapidly became more and more frequent and conversational, coherent talking, shouting, cursing, fist-swinging, acting out gunshots ("pow pow pow"), acting out military dreams, snake discoveries, burglar discoveries, arguing with family members, etc. He now has multiple outbursts on a nightly basis and I have resorted to sleeping in another room after several attacks.
He went for a sleep study, started using a CPAP machine, but nothing works. He has outbursts while wearing his CPAP headgear. The sleep study doctor didn't seem to take my claims seriously and was sure the CPAP would be the cure-all. What do we do?
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