What is a Tennessee Walking Horse?

A Tennessee Walking Horse or Tennessee Walker is a naturally gaited horse which is capable of the running walk, a specialized gait which is famed for its smoothness. These horses are the result of over a century of breeding in the United States, combining several breeds to produce the desired traits, and as of 1947, the Tennessee Walking Horse studbook has been closed, which means that in order to be considered a Tennessee Walker, both of a horse's parents must be registered.

Several breeds of horse influenced the development of the Tennessee Walking Horse, including Morgans, standardbreds, and pacers. These horses were originally bred for plantation owners, with the running walk being comfortable during long trips to inspect the plantation. Tennessee Walkers are also famous for their endurance, as the running walk does not require huge amounts of energy. Over time, the breed came to be refined and recognized in its own right, and by the 1930s, breeders had established a studbook with standards for the Tennessee Walking Horse.

A classic Tennessee Walker is very tall, with a long neck and sloping shoulders. Black is a common color, but the horses may also be roan, chestnut, pinto, bay, sorrel, or other colors. In order to be considered a true Tennessee Walking Horse, the horse must exhibit the running walk, a natural gait which can be refined, but not taught; in the running walk, the back hoof overreaches the print of the front hoof with each stride, creating a gliding motion. Many Tennessee Walkers are also capable of other unusual gaits, such as the rack or foxtrot.

These horses are often used as pleasure horses, since they are amiable, easy to train, and relaxed, making them suitable for a wide variety of riders. They also appear in horse shows, both in specialized gaited divisions and in more general show divisions. When Tennessee Walking Horses compete in gaited divisions, also known as saddle seat divisions, they can be shown as flat shod or big lick horses, depending on their training.

Big lick horses are horses which have been trained to have an especially showy, high-stepping gait. Historically, devious tactics have sometimes been used on big lick horses, such as planting tacks in their shoes to get them to lift their feet high; these tactics are frowned upon today. Flat shod Walkers have more sedate, though still beautiful, gaits and a more relaxed appearance. Both are known for bobbing their heads as they walk, and some may click their teeth in time with their gaits.

The Tennessee Walking Horse is a breed renowned for its unique four-beat "running walk" gait, which offers a smooth ride. Originating in the Southern United States, this breed was developed for use on plantations and farms and is known for its calm disposition, strength, and stamina. They are often used in show rings but are also popular for trail and pleasure riding.

The Tennessee Walking Horse's signature gait, the running walk, is a smooth, gliding motion that maintains one foot on the ground at all times, which provides great stability and comfort for the rider. This breed is also capable of performing other gaits, such as the flat-footed walk and canter, but it's the running walk that sets it apart, characterized by an overstride of the hind feet over the front footprints.

Today, Tennessee Walking Horses are versatile and used in various disciplines. They excel in trail riding due to their smooth gaits and gentle temperament. They are also popular in the show ring, competing in both performance and pleasure classes. Additionally, their friendly nature makes them suitable for therapeutic riding programs and as family horses.

When purchasing a Tennessee Walking Horse, look for a well-proportioned body, a calm and friendly temperament, and a natural ability to perform the running walk. It's important to observe the horse's gait to ensure it is even and smooth. A pre-purchase veterinary exam can help assess the horse's health and suitability for your intended use.

Yes, Tennessee Walking Horses are often recommended for beginner riders due to their gentle nature and steady gaits. Their smooth movements can be easier for novices to manage, and their generally calm demeanor helps build rider confidence. However, as with any horse, proper training and handling are essential to ensure a good match between horse and rider.

Caring for a Tennessee Walking Horse involves regular exercise to maintain their muscle tone and overall health. They require a balanced diet, routine hoof care, and regular veterinary check-ups. Due to their gentle coat, they may need additional grooming to keep their skin healthy. Providing a clean, safe environment and social interaction is also crucial for their well-being.