What are Vitamin B12 Supplements?

Vitamin B12 supplements are mainly taken by individuals who have symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency, but may also be used for other reasons. These extra vitamins are available in pill, transdermal patch, or liquid form, and may also be received by injection and or by means of a nasal spray. Vitamin B12 supplements may include other vitamins with which they collaborate, such as folic acid. Some also contain additives, fillers, sugars, and artificial coloring, flavoring, and other substances. Vitamin B12 supplements are added to some processed foods, such as breads and cereals.

While vitamin B12 deficiencies occur rarely in most individuals, they can be harmful. Symptoms of B12 deficiency may include memory loss, lack of sensation, headaches, and breathing difficulties. It is widely believed that taking vitamin B12 supplements can lessen or relieve these symptoms.

Vitamin B12 deficiencies are most common among the elderly. Some experts suggests up to 20 percent of people over the age of 60 may suffer from problems related to these deficiencies. Experts also suggest that taking vitamin B12 supplements from middle age on can prevent problems. Research studies have revealed that many Alzheimer's patients have low levels of vitamin B12.

Vegetarians are at risk of developing a deficiency of this vitamin. The main sources of B12 are beef, fish, eggs, and dairy products. Vegetarians are often urged to take vitamin B12 supplements or eat B12-fortified foods to prevent diseases and problems related to lack of this vitamin. Others, including those who suffer from irritable bowel syndrome, allergies, anxiety, and insomnia, may find vitamin B12 supplements helpful.

Most commonly, vitamin B12 supplements are taken in pill or capsule form, but these are not always considered the most effective because they contain relatively low amounts of the vitamin. Many people, including those who smoke, may also have problems absorbing vitamins. For that reason, vitamin B12 supplements in the transdermal patch, nasal spray, injection, or liquid form are often preferred because they contain more concentrated doses and deliver the vitamin into the blood stream quickly. There is some debate over which form of vitamin B12 supplement is most effective.

While side effects of vitamin B12 are rare, they do occur. Whether they are caused by higher doses of the vitamin or by other constitutes of the supplements is unknown. Those who begin taking vitamin B12 supplements should discuss the use of alcohol, prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, and other dietary supplements with a doctor or pharmacist as B12 can interact with some of these.