What are the Most Common Diseases to Affect Older Pets?

Older pets are more prone to certain diseases and conditions that are rarely seen in younger animals. Because animals are living longer than they used to, these diseases are becoming more and more frequent. If you have older pets — over ten years old — it's important to remember that many diseases are curable if detected early and treated aggressively. Nobody knows your pet better than you, so always keep an eye out for noticeable changes in behavior, body weight, or lifestyle patterns, and consult your veterinarian as soon as possible to rule out serious problems.

Older pets have a high chance of becoming obese. While obesity in itself is not disease, it can contribute to the onset of certain diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease. In fact, diabetes mellitus is a common problem in older pets, with many animals, especially dogs, becoming insulin dependent. Obesity also makes it harder for older pets to have an active life and to enjoy everyday activities as they used to.

Dental disease is another common malady to affect older pets. This in turn can lead to kidney or liver problems, as the bacteria often gets into the bloodstream. Tartar buildup and gum disease should be treated by a veterinarian even if your pet doesn't seem bothered by it. Tooth brushing and chew toys can help prevent problems, but in older pets that already have advanced dental disease, an in-depth dental scaling may be the only choice.

Older pets are also prone to arthritis and degenerative joint disease, which is especially common in large dogs. Arthritis can be treated with prescription drugs and Glucosamine supplements, but daily exercise also helps. If you have a pet that has suddenly become less active and seems to have a hard time getting up and moving around, have him checked for joint and bone disease.

Cataracts are common among older pets that have a history of diabetes or high blood pressure. The good news is that cataracts can be safely removed through surgery in up to 90 percent of cases, and many pets are also good candidates for intraocular lenses implants, so make sure you ask your doctor about it.

Signs of age-related diseases in pets can include decreased activity levels, weight loss or gain, difficulty climbing stairs or jumping, increased thirst or urination, changes in appetite, and the appearance of lumps or bumps. Behavioral changes such as increased irritability or confusion can also indicate underlying health issues. Early detection through regular veterinary check-ups is crucial for management.

Prevention of age-related diseases in pets involves maintaining a healthy weight through proper diet and regular exercise, ensuring dental hygiene, and keeping up with routine veterinary visits for early detection and vaccination. Supplements like glucosamine can support joint health, while omega-3 fatty acids can aid in maintaining cognitive function. Always consult your vet before starting any new supplement.

Arthritis is indeed common in older pets, affecting up to 65% of senior dogs and 90% of cats over the age of 10, according to the Arthritis Foundation. Treatment includes weight management, anti-inflammatory medications, joint supplements, physical therapy, and in some cases, acupuncture or laser therapy. Pain management is essential to maintain quality of life.

The most common types of cancer in older pets include lymphoma, mast cell tumors, and bone cancer. Detection methods include physical examinations, blood tests, imaging like X-rays or ultrasound, and biopsies. Early detection is key, so any new lumps, bumps, or changes in behavior should prompt a veterinary visit for further evaluation.

Older pets can develop diabetes, with symptoms including increased thirst and urination, weight loss despite a good appetite, and lethargy. Cats, in particular, may also show a plantigrade stance (walking on their hocks). Diabetes requires lifelong management, which may include insulin injections, dietary changes, and regular blood sugar monitoring.

Kidney disease in older pets often presents with increased thirst and urination, weight loss, vomiting, and decreased appetite. Management includes a prescription renal diet, medications to control blood pressure and protein loss, and possibly fluid therapy. Early detection through regular blood and urine tests is vital for slowing progression and improving quality of life.