Can a Pregnant Woman Become Pregnant Again before Giving Birth?

In 2009, Julia Grovenburg of Fort Smith, Arkansas, got pregnant twice -- two weeks apart -- and ended up delivering two healthy babies by Caesarean section in December of that year. But the babies were not twins. The phenomenon is called superfetation, a rare type of pregnancy in which an embryo is formed from a separate estrous cycle after another embryo, or fetus, is already present in the uterus.

These pregnancies occur when a woman continues to ovulate after becoming pregnant, and a second fertilized egg is able to implant itself in the lining of the uterus. Typically, hormonal changes prevent continued ovulation and a thickening uterus usually prevents a second embryo from attaching.

A rare way to get pregnant:

• Superfetation is extremely rare in humans and can only be confirmed after delivery, by chromosomal and metabolic studies.
• There have been only 10 recorded cases of superfetation. The second baby is often born prematurely, which can increase its odds of experiencing lung development issues.
• When two separate instances of fertilization occur during the same menstrual cycle, the resulting pregnancy is known as superfecundation.