Copper repiping is a process of refitting existing pipes in a dwelling or business. Most structures built 25 or more years ago were fitted with iron pipes coated with zinc, normally called galvanized pipes. As the galvanized pipes age, the zinc lining tends to erode allowing rust to form. Once galvanized pipes begin to deteriorate, they need to be replaced. Most people prefer to replace galvanized pipes with copper pipes, in a process referred to as copper repiping.
A water system is composed of two measurable parts: pressure and volume. The pressure is measured as pounds per square inch (p.s.i.). Water pressure represents the force with which the water passes through the pipes and out of your faucets. Water volume represents the amount of water that can flow through your pipes and out through the faucets in a given period of time.
Homeowners usually decide to initiate copper repiping when they begin to see a dramatic drop in water pressure. Decreased water pressure is often very annoying; washing machines fill up more slowly, and garden hoses have a much weaker spray. Perhaps the most evident result of low water pressure is in the shower - instead of a forceful stream, the bather only experiences a dissatisfying trickle of water.
Other ways you know it is time for copper repiping is when the tap water appears discolored due to rust, when a foul odor comes from the tap, or when pipes begin to leak. Plumbers can come into the home and test to see if the problems are being caused by eroding pipes, and make recommendations whether it is time for copper repiping.
Copper is the preferred material for interior pipes because it is lightweight, safe and durable, and does not rust. Because it is also flexible, meaning that plumbers can easily bend and form it within existing walls, it is ideal for repiping.
Copper repiping is a major, time-consuming undertaking in home repairs; it's not a project for a typical do-it-yourselfer. Professional plumbers with a fair extent of plumbing experience are best suited to take on this type of replacement.